12.2 Achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources

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ESA: Space for Sustainable Development
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Goal 1
-1.1 Eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere
-1.2 Reduce at least by half the proportion of men, women and children off all ages living in poverty
-1.3 Implement nationally appropriate social protection systems and measures for all
-1.4 ensure that everyone has equal rights to economic resources, access to basic services, ..., new technology ...
-1.5 build resilience of the poor and vulnerable, reduce exposure and vulnerability to climate-related, economic, social and environmental shocks ...
-1.a Ensure significant mobilization of resources to ... implement programmes and policies to end poverty in all its dimensions
-1.b Create sound policy frameworks ... to support accelerated investment in poverty eradication actions
Goal 2
-2.1 End hunger and ensure access by all people ... to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round
-2.2 end all forms of malnutrition, ..., and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and elderly
-2.3 Double the agricultural productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers ...
-2.4 Ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production ... that improve land and soil quality
-2.5 Maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species ...
-2.a Increase investment, ..., in rural infrastructure, agricultural research, technology development ..., to enhance agricultural productive capacity in developing countries ...
-2.b Correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets ...
-2.c .Adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their derivatives ... to help limit extreme food price volatility
Goal 3
-3.1 Reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births
-3.2 End preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age ...
-3.3 End the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases
-3.4 Reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being
-3.5 Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol
-3.6 Halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents
-3.7 Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education
-3.8 Universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality health-care and access to safe, effective, ..., affordable essential medicines and vaccines
-3.9 Substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination
-3.a Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate
-3.b Support the research and development of vaccines and medicines ... that primarily affect developing countries, provide access to affordable medicines and vaccines ...
-3.c Increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing
-3.d Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks
Goal 4
-4.1 Ensure that all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes
-4.2 Ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality early childhood development, care and pre-primary education so that they are ready for primary education
-4.3 Ensure equal access for all women and men to affordable and quality technical, vocational and tertiary education, including university
-4.4 Substantially increase the number of youth and adults who have relevant skills, including technical and vocational skills, for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship
-4.5 Eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the vulnerable ...
-4.6 Ensure that all youth and a substantial proportion of adults, both men and women, achieve literacy and numeracy
-4.7 Ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development ... through education for sustainable development ...
-4.a Build and upgrade education facilities that are child, disability and gender sensitive and provide safe, non-violent, inclusive and effective learning environments for all
-4.b Substantially expand the number of scholarships available to developing countries ... for enrolment in higher education, vocational training and ITC technology, STEM ...
-4.c Substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher training ...
Goal 5
-5.1 End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere
-5.2 Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation
-5.3 Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilation
-5.4 Recognize and value unpaid care & domestic work through provision of public services, infrastructure and social protection policies ... shared responsibility within the household ...
-5.5 Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life
-5.6 Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights as agreed ...
-5.a Reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as ownership and control over land & property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources
-5.b Enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular information and communications technology, to promote the empowerment of women
-5.c Adopt and strengthen sound policies and enforceable legislation for the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls at all levels
Goal 6
-6.1 By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all
-6.2 Access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls ...
-6.3 Improve water quality ... halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse
-6.4 Substantially increase water-use efficiency across all sectors and ensure sustainable withdrawals and supply of freshwater to address water scarcity
-6.5 By 2030, implement integrated water resources management at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate
-6.6 By 2020, protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes
-6.a ...Support water- and sanitation-related activities, including water harvesting, desalination, water efficiency, wastewater treatment, recycling and reuse technologies
-6.b Support and strengthen the participation of local communities in improving water and sanitation management
Goal 7
-7.1 Ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services
-7.2 Increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix
-7.3 Double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency
-7.a Enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency ...
-7.b Expand infrastructure and upgrade technology for supplying modern and sustainable energy services for all in developing countries
Goal 8
-8.1 Sustain per capita economic growth in accordance with national circumstances and, in particular, at least 7 per cent GDP growth per annum in the least developed countries
-8.2 Achieve higher levels of economic productivity through diversification, technological upgrading and innovation ...
-8.3 Promote development-oriented policies that support productive activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation ...
-8.4 Improve global resource efficiency in consumption and production and endeavour to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation
-8.5 Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value
-8.6 Substantially reduce the proportion of youth not in employment, education or training
-8.7 Measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labor ...
-8.8 Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers, including migrant workers, in particular women ...
-8.9 Devise and implement policies to promote sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products
-8.10 Strengthen the capacity of domestic financial institutions to encourage and expand access to banking, insurance and financial services for all
-8.a Increase Aid for Trade support for developing countri ... including through the Enhanced Integrated Framework for Trade-related Technical Assistance
-8.b By 2020, develop and operationalize a global strategy for youth employment and implement the Global Jobs Pact of the International Labour Organization
Goal 9
-9.1 Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure, including regional and trans-border infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being ...
-9.2 Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and, by 2030, significantly raise industry’s share of employment and GDP ...
-9.3 Increase the access of small-scale industrial and other enterprises, in particular in developing countries, to financial services ...
-9.4 Upgrade infrastructure and ... industries to make them sustainable, with increased resource-use efficiency and greater adoption of clean ... technologies
-9.5 Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities ... encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the number of research and development workers ...
-9.a Facilitate sustainable and resilient infrastructure development in developing countries ...
-9.b Support domestic technology development, research and innovation in developing countries ...
-9.c Significantly increase access to ICT technology and strive to provide universal and affordable access to the Internet in least developed countries by 2020
Goal 10
-10.1 Progressively achieve and sustain income growth of the bottom 40 per cent of the population at a rate higher than the national average
-10.2 Empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status
-10.3 Ensure equal opportunity and reduce inequalities of outcome, including by eliminating discriminatory laws, policies and practices ...
-10.4 Adopt policies, especially fiscal, wage and social protection policies, and progressively achieve greater equality
-10.5 Improve the regulation and monitoring of global financial markets and institutions and strengthen the implementation of such regulations
-10.6 Ensure enhanced representation and voice for developing countries in decision-making in global international economic and financial institutions ...
-10.7 Facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, including through the implementation of planned and well-managed migration policies
-10.a Implement the principle of special and differential treatment for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, in accordance with WTO agreements
-10.b Encourage official development assistance and financial flows, including foreign direct investment, to States where the need is greatest ...
-10.c Reduce to less than 3 per cent the transaction costs of migrant remittances and eliminate remittance corridors with costs higher than 5 per cent
Goal 11
-11.1 Ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums
-11.2 Provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all ...
-11.3 Enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and management
-11.4 Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage
-11.5 Reduce the number of deaths and people affected and ... decrease the ... economic losses relative to global GDP caused by disasters, including water-related disasters ...
-11.6 Reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management
-11.7 Provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities
-11.a Support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning
-11.b Increase the number of ... settlements adopting ... policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation & adaptation to climate change, disaster resilience ...
-11.c Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, in building sustainable and resilient buildings utilizing local materials
Goal 12
-12.1 Implement the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns ...
-12.2 Achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources
-12.3 Halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply chains, including post-harvest losses
-12.4 Achieve environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes ... reduce their release to air, water and soil ... minimize adverse impacts on health and environment
-12.5 Substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse
-12.6 Encourage companies, especially large and transnational companies, to adopt sustainable practices and to integrate sustainability information into their reporting cycle
-12.7 Promote public procurement practices that are sustainable, in accordance with national policies and priorities
-12.8 Ensure that people everywhere have the relevant information and awareness for sustainable development and lifestyles in harmony with nature
-12.a Support developing countries to strengthen their scientific and technological capacity to move towards more sustainable patterns of consumption and production
-12.b Develop and implement tools to monitor sustainable development impacts for sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products
-12.c Rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions ...
Goal 13
-13.1 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries
-13.2 Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning
-13.3 Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning
-13.a Implement the commitment undertaken by developed-country parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ...
-13.b Promote mechanisms for raising capacity for effective climate change-related planning and management in least developed countries ...
Goal 14
-14.1 Prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution
-14.2 Sustainably manage & protect marine & coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for restoration ...
-14.3 Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels
-14.4 Effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive ... practices & implement science-based management ...
-14.5 Conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information
-14.6 Prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing ...
-14.7 Increase the economic benefits to small island developing States ... from the sustainable use of marine resources ... management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism
-14.a Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology ... to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity ...
-14.b Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets
-14.c Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law ...
Goal 15
-15.1 Ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems ... in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands
-15.2 Promote the implementation of sustainable management of ... forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially increase afforestation and reforestation ...
-15.3 Combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods ...
-15.4 Ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity ... to enhance their capacity to provide benefits ... essential for sustainable development
-15.5 Take ... action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and ... protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species
-15.6 Promote fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and promote appropriate access ...
-15.7 Action to end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products
-15.8 Introduce measures to prevent the introduction and ... reduce the impact of invasive alien species on land and water ecosystems & control or eradicate the priority species
-15.9 Integrate ecosystem and biodiversity values into national and local planning, development processes, poverty reduction strategies and accounts
-15.a Mobilize and significantly increase financial resources from all sources to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity and ecosystems
-15.b Mobilize significant resources ... to finance sustainable forest management and provide ... incentives to developing countries ... for conservation and reforestation
-15.c Enhance global support for efforts to combat poaching and trafficking of protected species, including by increasing the capacity of local communities ...
Goal 16
-16.1 Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere
-16.2 End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children
-16.3 Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for all
-16.4 Significantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows, strengthen the recovery and return of stolen assets and combat all forms of organized crime
-16.5 Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms
-16.6 Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels
-16.7 Ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making at all levels
-16.8 Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global governance
-16.9 Provide legal identity for all, including birth registration
-16.10. Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements
-16.a Strengthen relevant national institutions ... to prevent violence and combat terrorism and crime
-16.b Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development
Goal 17
-17.1 Strengthen domestic resource mobilization, including through international support to developing countries, to improve domestic capacity for tax and other revenue collection
-17.2 Developed countries to implement fully their official development assistance commitments ...
-17.3 Mobilize additional financial resources for developing countries from multiple sources
-17.4 Assist developing countries in attaining long-term debt sustainability through coordinated policies aimed at fostering debt financing, debt relief and debt restructuring ...
-17.5 Adopt and implement investment promotion regimes for least developed countries
-17.6 Enhance North-South, South-South and triangular regional and international cooperation on and access to science, technology and innovation ...
-17.7 Promote the development, transfer, dissemination and diffusion of environmentally sound technologies to developing countries on favourable terms ...
-17.8 Fully operationalize the technology bank and science, technology and innovation capacity-building mechanism ... enhance the use of enabling technology particularly ICT
-17.9 Enhance international support for implementing ... capacity-building in developing countries to support national plans to implement all the SDGs ...
-17.10. Promote a universal, rules-based, open, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading system under the WTO ...
-17.11 Significantly increase the exports of developing countries, in particular with a view to doubling the least developed countries’ share of global exports ...
-17.12 Realize ... implementation of duty-free and quota-free market access on a lasting basis for all least developed countries, consistent with WTO decisions ...
-17.13 Enhance global macroeconomic stability, including through policy coordination and policy coherence
-17.14 Enhance policy coherence for sustainable development
-17.15 Respect each country’s policy space and leadership to establish and implement policies for poverty eradication and sustainable development
-17.16 Enhance the Global Partnership for SD, complemented by ... partnerships that mobilize and share knowledge, expertise, technology and financial resources ...
-17.17 Encourage and promote effective public, public-private and civil society partnerships, building on the experience and resourcing strategies of partnerships
-17.18 Enhance capacity-building support to developing countries ... to increase ... availability of high-quality, timely and reliable data disaggregated by income, gender, age ...
-17.19 build on existing initiatives to develop measurements of progress on SD that complement GDP, and support statistical capacity-building ...

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